The Power of Compounding
When you invest a lumpsum, your money can earn returns every year. In the first year, the return is earned only on your original investment. But in the following years, the return is earned on your original amount plus the returns already earned.
This is called compounding. Over short periods the effect is small, but over long periods it can become significant, because each year's gains get a chance to generate their own gains.
FV = P × (1 + r)nP = Initial investment · r = Assumed annual return · n = Number of years